白术水提物抑瘤作用及其机制研究

目的:研究白术水提物的抑瘤作用,并从调节免疫功能角度探讨其抑瘤机制。方法:以S180荷瘤小鼠为研究对象,给予不同剂量的白术水提物10 d,称取瘤重,计算胸腺指数、脾指数,同时利用放射免疫测定法检测血浆肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白介素-2(IL-2)的含量。结果:白术各剂量组和模型组瘤重及胸腺指数有显著性差异(P<0.01或P<0.05),白术中剂量组对TNF-α和IL-2均有显著性影响(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:白术可以调节S180荷瘤小鼠免疫功能,抑制肿瘤生长,并呈现出一定的剂量效应关系。     

半夏白术山楂汤治疗高脂血症86例临床观察

目的:探讨半夏白术山楂汤治疗高脂血症的临床疗效。方法:将86例患者随机分成治疗组43例与对照组43例,治疗组应用半夏白术山楂汤加减,对照组应用洛伐他汀治疗作比较观察。结果:治疗组与对照组总有效率为94.2%和56.2%(P0.05)。结论:半夏白术山楂汤具有健脾益气,燥湿化痰,活血散结作用。     

麦麸酶解产品清除自由基的体外实验研究

目的:以体外实验研究麦麸酶解产品(EHWB)清除自由基、保护DNA氧化损伤的效果。方法:采用黑曲霉发酵生产混合酶制剂水解去淀粉麦麸(DSWB)获得EHWB,并设计不同反应体系,探讨在离体条件下其对自由基的清除作用和防止羟自由基对DNA的损伤作用。结果:EHWB对二苯代苦味酰自由基(DPPH)、超氧阴离子自由基(O2)、羟自由基(·OH)等都有很好的清除·?能力。另外它还可有效地保护DNA免受·OH的损伤。结论:麦麸酶解产品有清除自由基的作用。     

天津市煎炸油卫生状况评价

通过连续８小时的煎炸实验和对市，郊２９个煎炸点的现场卫生学调查及采用羰基值（ＣＯＶ），极性组分（ＰＣ）对所采样品的分析表明，天津煎炸油的总体的卫生质量基本符合国家卫生标准，参考极性组分的ＡＤＩ值并依据本次调查结果，估计天津大部分居民的煎炸食品摄入量安全水平，但对于偏爱煎炸食品者其安全系数明显下降。     

仝小林运用茯苓、生白术、泽泻利脾湿经验

茯苓、生白术、泽泻是仝小林院士临床常用的利脾湿三味小方.仝小林认为,现今多种疾病以脾虚湿困为基本病机.茯苓可利水渗湿,常用剂量为9～120 g;生白术可健脾燥湿,常用剂量为9～90 g;泽泻渗湿化浊,常用剂量为15～30g.利脾湿三味小方用于代谢性疾病、内分泌、消化系统疾病等有脾湿之证.     

Protection of wheat bran feruloyl oligosaccharides against free radical-induced oxidative damage in normal human erythrocytes

The present work assessed the protective effect of water-soluble feruloyl oligosaccharides (FSH), ferulic acid ester of oligosaccharides from wheat bran, against in vitro oxidative damage of normal human erythrocytes induced by a water-soluble free radical initiator, 2,2′-azobis-2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride (AAPH). In the whole process of AAPH-initiated oxidation, hemolysis occurred quickly after the lag time. The rate of hemolysis is correlated dose-dependently with AAPH concentration. Significant decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) levels of erythrocyte with concomitant enhancement in oxidized gluthione (GSSG) levels was noticed. It was also observed that lipid and protein peroxidation of erythrocytes induced by AAPH was significantly increased, and scanning electron microscopy observations showed that AAPH induced obvious morphological alteration in the erythrocytes from a smooth discoid to an echinocytic form. FSH suppressed depletion of GSH, lipid peroxidation, and methaemoglobin and protein carbonyl group formation of erythrocytes in concentration- and time-dependent manners, remarkably delayed AAPH-induced hemolysis. Morphological changes to erythrocyte caused by AAPH were effectively protected by FSH. It was also observed that FSH could work synergistically with endogenous antioxidants in erythrocytes. These results indicated that FSH efficiently protected normal human erythrocytes against oxidative stress, and they could be used as a potential source of natural antioxidants.     

基于化学计量学的麸炒枳实与烫枳实比较研究

目的 利用指纹图谱与化学计量学进行麸炒枳实和烫枳实的质量评价及比较研究,为临床选择使用枳实2种饮片提供部分科学依据。方法 依据中国药典2020年版和《北京市中药饮片炮制规范》（2008年版）炮制麸炒枳实与烫枳实2种饮片,采用超高效液相色谱法分别建立2种饮片的指纹图谱,采用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统软件进行相似度分析,利用化学计量学进行2种饮片指纹图谱中14个共有成分及辛弗林的比较研究,并对2种饮片中已指认的9个成分进行定量分析与比较。结果 麸炒枳实和烫枳实与各自对照指纹图谱相似度>0.9,同一批次麸炒枳实与烫枳实相似度>0.9。与对照品比对指认出芸香柚皮苷、柚皮苷、野漆树苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、柚皮素、橙皮素、川陈皮素8个共有峰。聚类分析结果显示2种饮片无明显聚类。PCA分析显示麸炒枳实与烫枳实不能完全区分为2类。VIP法筛选出对区分麸炒枳实和烫枳实影响较大的7个成分,分别是柚皮素、柚皮苷、野漆树苷、X8、橙皮素、川陈皮素、X1。定量分析结果显示,与麸炒枳实组比较,烫枳实组中柚皮苷含量较低,野漆树苷、柚皮素含量较高,且有显著性差异。结论 本研究建立了麸炒枳实与烫枳实的定量指纹图谱及黄酮类多成分含量测定的质量评价方法,研究结果可为临床选择使用枳实2种饮片提供部分科学依据。     

基于Heracles NEO超快速气相电子鼻麸炒白术炮制全过程气味变化识别研究

目的 建立麸炒白术Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma炮制全过程的定性判别模型,筛选出可以表征麸炒白术不同炮制程度的气味成分。方法 制备麸炒白术饮片,不同时间点取样进行分析。采用Heracles NEO超快速气相电子鼻采集气味图谱,与Arochembase数据库对比得到气味成分信息,结合峰面积分析气味成分的变化规律并进行化学计量学分析。结果 通过判别因子分析（discriminant factor analysis,DFA）、正交偏最小二乘-判别分析（orthogonal partial least squaresdiscriminant analysis,OPLS-DA）、层次聚类分析（hierarchical cluster analysis,HCA）等将麸炒白术炮制全过程样品成功分为4类：生品、炮制不及、炮制成品和炮制太过。在炮制过程中,3-甲基十五烷、十二烷基丙酸酯、正辛基环己烷、1,3-二硝基苯、8-甲基十五烷5个气味成分的峰面积占比较高,其中1,3-二硝基苯在炮制全过程中峰面积呈降低趋势;3-甲基十五烷从炮制不及到炮制成品的过程中峰面积呈增加...     

植酸盐及肌醇的制备研究

对植酸盐、肌醇的制取进行了研究,探索了影响收率的因素。在适宜条件下,以脱脂的米糠饼为原料制取植酸盐及从植酸盐含水的膏状物制取肌醇,两步粗收率均约90％。     

Protection against free radicals (UVB irradiation) of a water-soluble enzymatic extract from rice bran. Study using human keratinocyte monolayer and reconstructed human epidermis

The antioxidant capacity of a water-soluble enzymatic extract from rice bran (EERB) has been tested in two cell models: keratinocyte monolayers and human reconstructed epidermis. Cells were incubated in culture medium in presence of different amounts of EERB and were UVB irradiated. Cell population assessment (MTT assay) and MDA (malonaldehyde) production were evaluated. The EERB did not induce cytotoxic effect for concentrations inferior or equal to 100 μg/mL. Human keratinocyte monolayers were protected of irradiation preventing 33% the lipid peroxidation process at concentration of 10 μg/ml of EEBR. In reconstructed human epidermis, 100 μg/mL decreased lipid peroxidation process by 44% (p < 0.01) with regards to irradiated negative control. This effect was comparable to that of vitamin E at 600 μg/mL. Our data indicate that EERB is potentially able to efficiently counteract UVB-induced response. The EERB, diluted at 10% with water has very good skin compatibility. This product showed a sun protection factor of 4.8 ± 0.3. Thus we can propose EERB as a useful natural standardized extract in skin photoprotection with promising applications in the field of dermatology.